An AC adapter, AC/DC adapter, or AC/DC converter[1] is a type of external power supply, often enclosed in a case similar to an AC plug. Other common names include plug pack, plug-in adapter, adapter block, domestic mains adapter, line power adapter, wall wart, power brick, and power adapter. Adapters for battery-powered equipment may be described as chargers or rechargers (see also battery charger). AC adapters are used with electrical devices that require power but do not contain internal components to derive the required voltage and power from mains power. The internal circuitry of an external power supply is very similar to the design that would be used for a built-in or internal supply.
External power supplies are used both with equipment with no other source of power and with battery-powered equipment, where the supply, when plugged in, can sometimes charge the battery in addition to powering the equipment.
Use of an external power supply allows portability of equipment powered either by mains or battery without the added bulk of internal power components, and makes it unnecessary to produce equipment for use only with a specified power source; the same device can be powered from 120 VAC or 230 VAC mains, vehicle or aircraft battery by using a different adapter. Another advantage of these designs can be increased safety; since the hazardous 120 or 240 volt mains power is transformed to a lower, safer voltage at the wall outlet and the appliance that is handled by the user is powered by this lower voltage.
Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries are generally not interchangeable with primary types using different chemistry, though certain lithium primary cell sizes do have lithium-ion rechargeable equivalents. Most rechargeable cylindrical cells use a chemistry with a nominal voltage around 3.7 volts, but LiFePO
4 cells produce only 3.2 volts.
Lithium-ion cells are made in various sizes, often assembled into packs for portable equipment.[47] Many types are also available with an internal protection circuit to prevent over-discharge and short-circuit damage. This can increase their physical length; for example, an 18650 is around 65 mm (2.56 in) long, but may be around 68 mm (2.68 in) long with an internal protection circuit. Safe and economic recharging requires a charger specified for these cells. Popular applications include laptop battery packs, electronic cigarettes, flashlights, electric vehicles, and cordless power tools.
Commonly-used designation numbers indicate the physical dimensions of the cylindrical cell, in a way similar to the system used for lithium button primary cells. The larger rechargeable cells are typically assigned five-digit numbers, where the first two digits are the (approximate) diameter in millimeters, followed by the last three digits indicating the (approximate) height in tenths of millimeters.
Brand
1TEGRATION NOTE |
ACCEL |
ACCUTECH |
ACER |
ADVENT |
AFTERSHOCK |
AHTEC |
AHTEC STAGE |
AIGO |
AKOYA |
ALBACOMP |
Alienware |
AMAZON |
AMILO |
AMITECH |
AOPEN |
APPLE |
ARIMA |
ARISTO |
ARM |
ASI |
ASI AMATA |
ASM |
AST |
ASUS |
ATOM |
AUPS |
AVAYA |
AVERATEC |
AVERTAC |
AXIOO |
BAYCOM |
BECKER |
BENQ |
BENQB |
BLACKBERRY |
BLUEDISK |
BOSE |
BSI |
BTO |
BULLMAN |
CANON |
CASPER |
CCE |
CELXPERT |
CENTORIS |
CES |
CHEM |
CHEMBOOK |
CHILIGREEN MOBILITAS |
CLEVO |
CMS |
COMPAL |
COMPAQ |
CUBE CHAMELEON |
CYBERCOM |
CYBERPOWERPC |
CYTRON |
DATRON |
Dell |
DFI |
DNS |
DRLL |
DTK |
DUAL |
DURABOOK |
DURACELL |
E SYSTEM |
E-MACHINES |
ECS |
ECS ELITEGROUP |
EI SYSTEMS |
ELITEGROUP |
EMACHINE |
EMACHINES |
ENGENIO |
ENZO |
EPSON |
EQUUS |
ERGO |
ESSENTIEL |
ETECH |
ETWORK |
EUROCOM |
EVESHAM ZIEO |
FIC |
FORTUNE |
FOUNDER |
FREVENTS |
FRONTIER |
FUJITSU |
FUJITSU SIEMENS |
GAMATECH |
GATEWAY |
GATWAY |
GENERAL |
GENERAL DYNAMICS |
GENEX |
GENUINE |
GERICOM |
GERICOM BELLAGIO |
GETAC |
GIGABYTE |
GOBOXX |
GP |
GREAT WALL |
GREATWALL |
GURU |
HAIER |
HANNSPREE |
HANSPREE |
HASEE |
Haswell |
HCL |
HCL ME |
HEDY |
HERCULES |
HI-GRADE |
HIPAA |
HITACHI |
HP |
HP COMPAQ |
HTC |
HYBERDATA |
HYPERDATA |
IBM |
IBUYPOWER |
IEI |
INTEL |
IPC |
ISSAM |
ITRONIX |
JBL |
JETBOOK |
JETTA |
JETTA JETBOOK |
KAPOK |
KDS |
KENNEX |
KIOSK |
KOGAN |
KOHJINSHA |
KUNSHAN |
LEADER |
LEMEL |
LENOV |
LENOVO |
LG |
LIFETEC |
LION |
LION SARASOTA |
MACHENIKE |
MALATA |
MARIO |
MAX |
MAXDATA |
MBO |
MECER |
MEDIABOOK |
MEDION |
MEGA |
MEGAWARE |
MESSBON |
METABOX |
MICRON |
MICROSOFT |
MITAC |
MITAC IPC |
MIVVY |
MOTION |
MOTOROLA |
MPC |
MSI |
MYBOOK |
NATCOMP |
NEC |
NEO |
NETAPP |
NETBOOK |
NETWORK |
NOBILIS |
NOKIA |
NOTEBOOK |
NOTINO |
NOVATECH |
NVIDIA |
NVMEM |
OEGSTONE |
OLEVIA |
OLIVETTI |
ONKYO |
ORIGIN |
OSIRIS |
OWL COMPUTERS |
PACKARD BELL |
PANASONIC |
PATRIOT |
PC SPECIALIS |
PCSMART |
PCSPECIALIST |
PEACOCK |
PHILCO |
PHILIP |
PHILIPS |
PIONEER |
POINTER |
POSH-BOOK |
POSITIVO |
POTEVIO |
POWERVAULT |
PRESTIGIO |
PROLINE |
PROVIEW |
QDI |
QUANTA |
RAZER |
RM |
ROCK PEGASUS |
>ROVER |
ROVERBOOK |
SAGER |
SAHARA |
SAHARA SLATE |
SAMSUNG |
SANYO |
SAY |
SCHENKER |
SEANIX |
SEMP TOSHIBA |
SHARP |
SIEMENS |
SIM |
SIMANTIC |
SIMPLO |
SMARTBOOK |
SMP |
SOLUS |
SONY |
SOTEC |
STAMP |
STEPNOTE |
SUN |
SUNPAK |
SUPER |
SYLVANIA |
SYSTEM76 |
SYSTEMAX |
TABLETKIOSK |
TAIWAN MOBILE |
TARGA |
TCL |
TERRA |
TERRANS FORCE |
TG |
THTF |
THUNDEROBOT |
TONFANG |
TONGFANG |
TOSHIBA |
TRANSOURCE |
TRONIC5 |
TSUNAMI |
TWINHEAD |
TWINHEAD DURABOOK |
UNIS |
UNIWILL |
UNWILL |
VEGA |
VENOM |
Verifone |
VIEWSONIC |
VIKNIGHT |
VIT |
VIZIO |
VOBIS |
WEBTECH |
WINBOOK |
WIND UMPC |
WISTRON |
WORTMANN |
WYSE |
XERON |
XIAOMI |
XPLORE |
YAKUMO |
ZITECH |
ZOOSTORM |
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